Norman w



N- PETERS FHOTOLITHDGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

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TO WIIOM IT MAY OONCERN:

Bc it known that I, NonuAN W. Wnnunnn, of the city ofl Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Condensing Apparatus; and I hereby declare that the following is a full description of the construction and operation thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings- 4 Y Figure 1 representing a sectional elevation, and

Figure 2 a sectional plan of such apparatus- And the same letters of reference marked thereon indicating like parts in the different figures.

My inventionlrelatcs to surface condensers, and its essence consists in combinations of mechanism, the functions of which are the automatic regulation and control of the pressure existing in the circulatory cavities or spaces in relation tothe pressure existing in the so-called vacuum cavities or spaces, pressure in the circulatory exceeding that of the vacuum space, air or gas, taken from space in which which the air is introduced. v l 1 In the drawings, al a, a3 isthc channel-plate; BB the condensing cylinders or pots; E their caps, the walls of which form the condensing surface; c c the enclosing vessels, with their caps D, the space around the condensing cylinders B B, and Within the enclosing vessels ce, being a part of the vacuum space, and the space within the cylinders B B being a part of the circulatory space, the nozzle e being the place for the admission lof steam into thevacuum space. g g are pipes, secured to the channel-plate, cach within its condensing cylinder, and communicating with the cavity a, in the channel-plate, and bearing upon their tops the circulating heads F F. Openings are left within each condensing cylinder, which communicate with the cavity or, in

preventing the minus and the introduction of measured quantities of the comparative pressure is greater' than the pressure in the space into the channel-plate, so that ifa pump bc attached by its suction pipe to the opening t', and the opening t be also connected by a pipe with a body of Huid, the working of the pump will draw` the fluid through al, gg, F F, if gf, and a2, land, if the flow of luid be obstructed, make a more or less perfect vac space. The cavity a, communicates with the vacuum space within the enclosing vessels by-the openings S, S2, and is provided with the opening j, to which to apply an exhausting air-pump, so that the working of the airpump may make a more or less perfect vacuum within the vacuum space. To the circulating heads F F are tted the valvular segmental c ylinderspppp, tting against theopen concave sides of the heads, and mounted upon their rods o o o o in such a way that, by turning them, the outlet of the heads may be increased or decreased at will, the outer or convex sides of the head forming guiding lips for the circulating fluid when the outlet is large, thus securing the requisite direction and highest velocity of circulating fluid, as it issues from the heads F F, consonant with the minus pressure maintained in the circulatory spa'ce and the area. of the nnected together so as to" be moved simultaneously by means of the rods o-o, arms r r r r, and links's s. Attached to the channel-plate is the cylinder K, the ends 'communicating and within the cylinder K is titted'to move freely the piston Z, attached to the rod m, and to which rod m is connected the arm r, in such a way that fithe piston lbc moved along'in its cylinder the valvular segments pp pp will have a corresponding motion., To the rod m, or equivalent part, is 'tted Va spring, n, o-r a weight, in such a way that its action will tend to hold the valvular segments-'in position, to allow the smallest opening at the nozzles of the heads F F; and this spring or weight should be so attached that its energy may be varied at will.

It is obvious that if the spring 'n have no energy, and the moving parts no friction, the pressures when the apparatus is in action will be equal in the circulatory and the vacuum spaces, for the position of the piston larillbe changed by any material difference of pressure, which change will alter the capacity of the nozzles in` the heads F F. The pressure upon each side of the Walls of the cylinders B B being equal, they may be made uum within the circulatory of very thin metal, and thus the transference of heat be very rapid, andryet there will be no communication between'the circulatory and the vacuum spaces, and no vapor pass over from one to the other and waste, as has wherein the vapor and cooling Huid were kept separate by The piston may be replaced by a flexible diaphragm. And it is also obvious that the will control the relative opening of the valves p ppp, and maintain a nearly constant been the case heretofore in analogous apparatus, imperfect diaphra-gms. tension of the spring n vsubstantially as` and for the purposes described.

di'erence ot' pressure upon the opposite sides of the condensing surface, ranging below the difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure existing within the condenser; and that. the'strain upon the condensing vessels or surfaces may by this means be ameliorated; and I desire it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise form or position of the inlet valves pppp, nor to the precise form of the condensing vessels or surface hereinbefore described. If the automatic part of this apparatus be notvused, the combination of the valvular segmentspppp with the circulatory heads F F has a value, for they are a good means of enlarging or diminishing the areas of `the discharge openings by manual adjustment.

To avoid the risk of a collapsing pressure coming upon the cylinders B B, thereare fitted one or more check-valves, Bz, opening inward, so 'that in case of such\ accident vapor may pass into the circulatory space, and avoid undue strain upon the apparatus. v

In the example before us, the best action is obtained when the cooling liquidpasses through the heads F F,

i and distributes itself in films vover the inner surfaces of the cylinders B B, which I have foundto work best when they are of a tapering form, with the smaller end downward, and which are prevented from filling with liquid by the introduction of air or gas. This introduction may be accomplished by making a small opening into any proper part of the circulatory space, which will allow air to enter the partial vacuum therein; but the size of the required opening would require frequent adjustment, and itis better to continually introduce air or gas in measured quantities, as some air will pass oil' with the liquid. To accomplish this result there is attached to some part of the engine or pumps anair-force pump, its barrel u, plunger t, receiving valve v, delivery valve w, and delivery pipe y being shown in the drawings, the pipe y communicating with the circulatory space. To prevent the partial vacuum within the apparatus from drawing air in through this pump, I attach tol the delivery valve wa weight, x, or a spring of suiicient -energy to prevent the spontaneous flow o`f air'past the valve, yet so that it will rise and allow the passage of air in obedience to the periodical pressure generated by the stroke of the plunger t.

Having described my invention, I will indicate that which I consider new and useful, and for which I desire to secure Letters Patent, to wit,I claim- I 1. The combination of the piston l with the valved circulating heads or inlets FF, or their equivalents,

2. The combination of the valve B, with the pot B, orits equivalent, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination of the snifting or air-force pump t u w with a surface condenser, when the delivery valve w is loaded, substantially as and for the purposes described.

NORMAN-W. WHEELER.

Witnesses:

FRANK C; PnINDLE, JOHN E. COOPER. 

